Which of the following sentences uses a restrictive clause?

A sentence with a restrictive clause provides essential information that defines or specifies the noun it modifies. In this case, the sentence "The book on the shelf is mine" uses the phrase "on the shelf" to clarify which book is being referred to. Without this clause, the listener might not understand which specific book the speaker is talking about, implying that the information is crucial for identifying the subject.

In contrast, the other options either include non-restrictive clauses or do not feature clauses at all. For instance, option B contains a non-restrictive clause indicated by the use of commas. This clause adds extra information about the book but is not essential to the meaning of the sentence. Similarly, option C is a simple question without any modifying clauses. Option D also misuses the term "that" in a way that leads to confusion about restrictive and non-restrictive clauses. By understanding these distinctions, it becomes clear why the first sentence correctly exemplifies the use of a restrictive clause.